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Rail Cost Control Blog Article 11

The Cost of Being Captive to a Railroad

March 10, 2021

Traffic that’s captive to one major railroad is priced significantly higher than traffic where railroads must compete for movements. The difference between Captive Traffic and Competitive Traffic rail rates is very large.

Captive Traffic rates are, on average, 107% greater than Competitive Traffic rates.  

Table 1 demonstrates this rate difference. It illustrates profitability for both captive and competitive movements on the six largest Class I railroads. The table contains the average Revenue to Variable Cost Ratios (RVC) for captive and competitive traffic on each railroad. RVC’s in the table are calculated from the cost and revenue data provided by the Surface Transportation Board (STB) for captive and competitive moves on each railroad. 

Rail Rates for Captive vs Competitive Rail Movements

An RVC measures railroad profitability for movements. It is calculated by dividing the rate for a move by the railroad’s long term Variable Cost (Cost) for the move. Table 1 shows that the 185.9% RVC for Union Pacific (UP) is the highest average RVC. An RVC of 185.9% means that rates are on average 85.9% greater than UP’s Cost for moving its traffic.  

The breakdown of UP RVC’s is 248.9% for Captive Traffic and 135.4% for Competitive Traffic. This makes captive rates for UP 83.8% greater than competitive rates ((2.489 – 1.354) ÷ 1.354). The average increase in captive rates on all six railroads is 107.2%.  

The largest increases in captive rates over competitive rates are on CSXT 142.9%, CN (US) 140.8% and NS 103.6%.   

To convert RVC’s in Table 1 to rates, assume that the railroad’s average variable cost of moving captive and competitive carloads is $2,000. Table 2 shows that the average dollar per car increase for all railroads is $2,616.  

The average $2,616 captive rate increase, by itself, is greater than the total rate of $2,478 for railroad’s Competitive Traffic. 

Average Dollar Per Car Increase: Captive vs Competitive Rail Rates

The most significant captive rate increases, as compared to competitive rates, were observed on CSXT ($3,205) and CN (US) ($3,228). These are by far the largest dollar increase in captive rates. 

In order to obtain large rate reductions, shippers must make railroads compete for more of their traffic. There are several ways to accomplish this. With this in mind, Escalation Consultants’ next blog will address: Five Ways to Make Railroads Compete for Your Captive Traffic. 

Note – The US railroad industry is regulated by the STB. An RVC of 180% represents the Jurisdictional Threshold for rail movements. This is because the STB has no authority over rates with RVC’s below 180%. Moves with RVC’s above 180% have high levels of profit and are therefore considered captive by the STB. Rail moves with RVC’s below 180% have lower profit levels, and therefore, considered competitive.  

 

Rail Cost Control (“RCC”) is a program developed by Escalation Consultants, Inc. to help shippers reduce rail expenses by managing costs and empowering negotiations. Furthermore, for more information about RCC and other related articles, visit the RCC Blog.

Rail Cost Control

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Railroad Strategic Alliances

Creating Effective Alliances with Railroads

February 10, 2021

Develop Strategic Alliances to Create Greater Value for You and Your Railroads

The term partnering is overused. Many rail shippers refer to any contractual agreement with a railroad as a partnership. The term partnering is even used in agreements with high rail rates for moving shippers’ commodities with thin profit margins. To obtain a better rate structure from railroads, shippers should focus on creating strategic alliances with railroads.

Strategic Alliances establish a process with defined goals for improving revenue and profits for both shippers and railroads.

The alliance needs to detail what is expected from each party and the outcome (goals) each party will receive from the process. Strategic alliances that impact rail rates normally have little to do with the captive or competitive nature of movements. A strategic alliance starts by first identifying common goals between shippers and railroads. An effective alliance then works to better accomplish these goals.

Some alliances are simple while others are complex. A prime example of a complex alliance involves foreign imports. Greater value can frequently be obtained by working together than apart on import issues. This makes imports a prime candidate for a strategic alliance between shippers and railroads.

When imported products become a threat to a company’s domestic production, the shipper and railroad have the same goal – STOP THE BLEEDING.

Imports cause both shippers and railroads to lose volumes and revenue when they impact a company’s domestic production. Railroads have a lot to lose with imported products, as they:

  • Lose all inbound movements needed for domestic production
  • Miss out on outbound movements to customers
  • May not move imported products from the port

Consider the impact of each additional container of imported paper. The railroad loses inbound moves of wood chips, slurry, chemicals, and potentially, coal to the paper mill. This loss of business has a big impact on railroads, suppliers to paper companies, and of course the paper company on outbound moves. This scenario demands a strategic alliance amongst impacted companies, because everyone loses if the paper company can’t compete with imports. All impacted companies need to reduce their costs to stop the bleeding. It doesn’t matter whether a railroads moves are captive when high rates only lead to a loss of revenue. To protect the vested interest in the output of the paper company, rates are determined through the alliance, and not the competitive status of rail movements.

Dealing more effectively with imports is an example of a complex strategic alliance. There are, however, many less-complex types of basic agreements struck between shippers and railroads that accomplish a common objective. A shipper’s capital investment to maintain or improve plant output frequently results in an alliance with its railroad. Capital Investment that also benefits a railroad, should not be made without first receiving an incentive from the railroad to make the investment. This is best accomplished through a strategic alliance which details what is needed from each party.

Not all leverage with railroads stems from the operational parameters of a movement.

With smart people on both sides of an opportunity creating value, great things can be accomplished. Rail shippers need to identify these opportunities because they will determine the best rates and contract terms for moving rail traffic.

The path to a more reasonable rate structure frequently starts by understanding common goals you have with railroads. This process leads to more productive rail negotiations and the creation of greater value for shippers and their railroads.

 

Rail Cost Control (“RCC”) is a program developed by Escalation Consultants, Inc. to help shippers reduce rail expenses by managing costs and empowering negotiations. For more information about RCC and other related articles, visit the RCC Blog.”

Rail Cost Optimizer

https://www.railcostcontrol.com/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_300890957-scaled.jpg 1709 2560 Keith Nestman https://www.railcostcontrol.com/wp-content/uploads/new-logo-2.svg Keith Nestman2021-02-10 08:00:262021-06-01 13:53:37Creating Effective Alliances with Railroads

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Escalation Consultants has been serving railroad customers since 1979.

The Rail Cost Control Program is an Escalation Consultants Inc. product. For the last 40 years Escalation Consultants has assisted companies in reducing the delivered cost of their products. We are normally involved with large and small rail shippers in reducing rail expenses on more than a billion dollars in rail spend annually.

Escalation Consultants has spent decades developing tools that automatically seek out and quantify opportunities for reducing rail expenses. The RCC contains these tools and they allow you to look at your movements differently in order to create more cost-effective negotiations with railroads.

To learn about Escalation Consultants Inc, more visit www.EscalationConsultants.com

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